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7-7
Catalyst 2950 Desktop Switch Software Configuration Guide
78-14982-01
Chapter 7 Administering the Switch
Protecting Access to Privileged EXEC Commands
To remove the password, use the no password global configuration command.
This example shows how to set the Telnet password to let45me67in89:
Switch(config)# line vty 10
Switch(config-line)# password let45me67in89
Configuring Username and Password Pairs
You can configure username and password pairs, which are locally stored on the switch. These pairs are
assigned to lines or interfaces and authenticate each user before that user can access the switch. If you
have defined privilege levels, you can also assign a specific privilege level (with associated rights and
privileges) to each username and password pair.
Beginning in privileged EXEC mode, follow these steps to establish a username-based authentication
system that requests a login username and a password:
Step 7
show running-config Verify your entries.
The password is listed under the command line vty 0 15.
Step 8
copy running-config startup-config (Optional) Save your entries in the configuration file.
Command Purpose
Command Purpose
Step 1
configure terminal Enter global configuration mode.
Step 2
username name [privilege level]
{password encryption-type password}
Enter the username, privilege level, and password for each user.
• For name, specify the user ID as one word. Spaces and quotation
marks are not allowed.
• (Optional) For level, specify the privilege level the user has after
gaining access. The range is 0 to 15. Level 15 gives privileged EXEC
mode access. Level 1 gives user EXEC mode access.
• For encryption-type, enter 0 to specify that an unencrypted password
will follow. Enter 7 to specify that a hidden password will follow.
• For password, specify the password the user must enter to gain access
to the switch. The password must be from 1 to 25 characters, can
contain embedded spaces, and must be the last option specified in the
username command.
Step 3
line console 0
or
line vty 0 15
Enter line configuration mode, and configure the console port (line 0) or
the VTY lines (line 0 to 15).
Step 4
login local Enable local password checking at login time. Authentication is based on
the username specified in Step 2.
Step 5
end Return to privileged EXEC mode.
Step 6
show running-config Verify your entries.
Step 7
copy running-config startup-config (Optional) Save your entries in the configuration file.
- Configuration Guide 1
- CONTENTS 3
- 6 Clustering Switches 6-1 6
- 10 Configuring LRE 10-1 10
- 11 Configuring STP 11-1 11
- Contents 12
- 14 Configuring VLANs 14-1 14
- 15 Configuring VTP 15-1 15
- 19 Configuring UDLD 19-1 17
- 20 Configuring CDP 20-1 17
- 22 Configuring RMON 22-1 18
- 24 Configuring SNMP 24-1 19
- 26 Configuring QoS 26-1 20
- 28 Troubleshooting 28-1 21
- A Supported MIBs A-1 22
- Audience 25
- Organization 26
- Conventions 28
- Related Publications 29
- Obtaining Documentation 29
- Documentation CD-ROM 30
- Ordering Documentation 30
- Documentation Feedback 30
- Cisco.com 31
- Technical Assistance Center 31
- Cisco TAC Escalation Center 32
- Overview 33
- LRE Switch-Specific Support 34
- Performance 35
- Manageability 35
- Redundancy 36
- VLAN Support 37
- Security 37
- Monitoring 38
- Management Options 39
- Chapter 1 Overview 40
- Large Campus Configuration 46
- Hotel Network Configuration 48
- IOS Command Modes 55
- • Change terminal 56
- • Perform basic tests 56
- • Display system 56
- Getting Help 57
- Abbreviating Commands 59
- Understanding CLI Messages 59
- Using Command History 60
- Using Editing Features 61
- Accessing the CLI 64
- Getting Started with CMS 67
- Features 68
- Front Panel view of 69
- Topology view of 69
- Front Panel View 70
- Cluster Tree 72
- Front-Panel Images 73
- Redundant Power System LED 74
- Port Modes and LEDs 74
- VLAN Membership Modes 75
- Topology View 76
- Topology Icons 78
- Device and Link Labels 79
- Colors in the Topology View 80
- Menus and Toolbar 81
- Table 3-11 Menu Bar 83
- Administration 83
- Table 3-12 Toolbar Buttons 86
- Front Panel View Popup Menus 87
- Topology View Popup Menus 88
- Device Popup Menus 89
- Interaction Modes 91
- Tool Tips 92
- Online Help 92
- CMS Window Components 94
- Tabs, Lists, and Tables 95
- Icons Used in Windows 95
- Accessing CMS 96
- Verifying Your Changes 98
- Saving Your Configuration 99
- Restoring Your Configuration 99
- CMS Preferences 99
- Where to Go Next 100
- 78-14982-01 101
- Assigning Switch Information 102
- Default Switch Information 103
- DHCP Client Request Process 104
- Configuring the DHCP Server 105
- Configuring the TFTP Server 105
- Configuring the DNS 106
- Configuring the Relay Device 106
- Obtaining Configuration Files 107
- Example Configuration 108
- Configuring IE2100 CNS Agents 113
- CNS Configuration Service 114
- CNS Event Service 115
- DeviceID 116
- Host Name and DeviceID 116
- Initial Configuration 117
- Synchronized Configuration 118
- Enabling the CNS Event Agent 120
- Displaying CNS Configuration 125
- Clustering Switches 127
- Understanding Switch Clusters 128
- Planning a Switch Cluster 131
- Discovery through CDP Hops 132
- Virtual IP Addresses 139
- IP Addresses 141
- Host Names 142
- Passwords 142
- SNMP Community Strings 142
- TACACS+ and RADIUS 143
- Access Modes in CMS 143
- Management VLAN 144
- LRE Profiles 144
- Creating a Switch Cluster 145
- Adding Member Switches 146
- 2900-LRE-24-1 147
- Verifying a Switch Cluster 150
- Command switch 152
- Trap 1, Trap 2, Trap 3 152
- Member 1 Member 2 Member 3 152
- SNMP Manager 152
- Administering the Switch 153
- Disabling Password Recovery 157
- Understanding TACACS+ 162
- TACACS+ Operation 164
- Configuring TACACS+ 164
- Default TACACS+ Configuration 165
- Starting TACACS+ Accounting 169
- Understanding RADIUS 170
- RADIUS Operation 171
- Configuring RADIUS 172
- Defining AAA Server Groups 177
- Starting RADIUS Accounting 180
- Authorization 184
- Understanding SSH 185
- Configuring SSH 185
- Configuring NTP 188
- Default NTP Configuration 189
- Configuring NTP Associations 190
- Setting the System Clock 196
- Configuring the Time Zone 197
- Configuring a System Name 200
- Configuring a System Prompt 201
- Understanding DNS 201
- Default DNS Configuration 202
- Setting Up DNS 202
- Creating a Banner 203
- Configuring a Login Banner 205
- Building the Address Table 206
- MAC Addresses and VLANs 207
- Managing the ARP Table 213
- Switch Software Releases 213
- Device Roles 216
- Figure 8-2 Message Exchange 217
- Supported Topologies 219
- Default 802.1X Configuration 220
- Changing the Quiet Period 225
- Enabling Multiple Hosts 227
- Understanding Interface Types 229
- Access Ports 230
- Trunk Ports 230
- Port-Based VLANs 231
- EtherChannel Port Groups 231
- Connecting Interfaces 231
- Using the Interface Command 232
- Configuring Switch Interfaces 237
- SFP Configuration 238
- Configuration Guidelines 240
- Configuring LRE 249
- LRE Links and LRE Profiles 250
- Table 10-1 LRE Profiles 251
- LRE Sequences 252
- Configuring LRE Ports 253
- CPE Ethernet Link Guidelines 255
- Precedence 259
- Profile Locking 259
- LRE Link Persistence 262
- LRE Link Monitor 262
- Upgrading LRE Switch Firmware 263
- Performing an LRE Upgrade 264
- LRE Upgrade Behavior Details 266
- Configuring STP 269
- STP Overview 270
- Bridge Protocol Data Units 270
- Election of the Root Switch 271
- Spanning-Tree Timers 272
- Blocking State 275
- Listening State 275
- Learning State 275
- Forwarding State 275
- STP and IEEE 802.1Q Trunks 276
- Default STP Configuration 278
- STP Configuration Guidelines 278
- Disabling STP 280
- Configuring the Root Switch 280
- Configuring the Port Priority 283
- Configuring the Path Cost 284
- Configuring the Hello Time 287
- Configuring RSTP and MSTP 291
- Understanding RSTP 292
- Rapid Convergence 293
- Synchronization of Port Roles 294
- Table 12-2 RSTP BPDU Flags 295
- Topology Changes 296
- Understanding MSTP 297
- IST, CIST, and CST 298
- Hop Count 300
- Boundary Ports 300
- Understanding Port Fast 316
- Understanding BPDU Guard 317
- Understanding BPDU Filtering 317
- Understanding UplinkFast 318
- How CSUF Works 320
- Limitations 322
- Connecting the Stack Ports 322
- Understanding BackboneFast 324
- Blocked port 325
- Understanding Root Guard 326
- Understanding Loop Guard 327
- Enabling Port Fast 328
- Enabling BPDU Guard 329
- Enabling BPDU Filtering 330
- Enabling BackboneFast 333
- Enabling Root Guard 333
- Enabling Loop Guard 334
- Configuring VLANs 337
- Supported VLANs 338
- VLAN Port Membership Modes 339
- Token Ring VLANs 341
- Saving VLAN Configuration 343
- Deleting a VLAN 346
- Default VLAN Configuration 348
- Displaying VLANs 350
- Configuring VLAN Trunks 351
- Configuring a Trunk Port 354
- Load Sharing Using STP 357
- Configuring VMPS 360
- Understanding VMPS 361
- Default VMPS Configuration 363
- VMPS Configuration Guidelines 364
- Configuring the VMPS Client 364
- Reconfirming VLAN Memberships 366
- Changing the Retry Count 366
- Monitoring the VMPS 367
- VMPS Configuration Example 368
- Configuring VTP 369
- The VTP Domain 370
- VTP Modes 371
- VTP Advertisements 371
- VTP Version 2 372
- VTP Pruning 372
- Understanding VTP 373
- VTP Configuration Options 375
- VTP Configuration Guidelines 376
- Configuring a VTP Server 377
- Configuring a VTP Client 379
- Enabling VTP Version 2 381
- Enabling VTP Pruning 382
- Monitoring VTP 384
- Configuring Voice VLAN 385
- Displaying Voice VLAN 390
- Understanding IGMP Snooping 391
- Joining a Multicast Group 392
- Leaving a Multicast Group 394
- Immediate-Leave Processing 394
- Configuring IGMP Snooping 395
- Setting the Snooping Method 396
- Configuring MVR 405
- Configuring MVR Interfaces 407
- Displaying MVR Information 409
- Configuring IGMP Filtering 410
- Configuring IGMP Profiles 411
- Applying IGMP Profiles 412
- Configuring Storm Control 415
- Enabling Storm Control 416
- Configuring Protected Ports 417
- Configuring Port Security 418
- Understanding Port Security 419
- Security Violations 420
- Configuring UDLD 427
- Understanding UDLD 428
- Enabling UDLD Globally 430
- Enabling UDLD on an Interface 430
- Displaying UDLD Status 432
- Configuring CDP 433
- Disabling and Enabling CDP 435
- Configuring SPAN and RSPAN 439
- Understanding SPAN and RSPAN 440
- SPAN Session 441
- Traffic Types 441
- Source Port 442
- Destination Port 443
- Reflector Port 443
- VLAN-Based SPAN 444
- SPAN Traffic 444
- Configuring SPAN 446
- Specifying VLANs to Monitor 450
- Specifying VLANs to Filter 451
- Configuring RSPAN 452
- Creating an RSPAN Session 453
- EXEC command 458
- Configuring RMON 459
- Default RMON Configuration 461
- Displaying RMON Status 464
- System Log Message Format 466
- Synchronizing Log Messages 470
- Configuring SNMP 477
- SNMP Versions 478
- SNMP Manager Functions 479
- SNMP Agent Functions 479
- Default SNMP Configuration 482
- SNMP Configuration Guidelines 482
- Disabling the SNMP Agent 483
- Configuring Community Strings 483
- SNMP Examples 490
- Displaying SNMP Status 491
- Network Security with ACLs 493
- Understanding ACLs 494
- Configuring ACLs 498
- Unsupported Features 499
- ACL Numbers 500
- Layer 3 Parameters: 502
- Layer 4 Parameters 502
- Applying Time Ranges to ACLs 507
- Creating MAC Access Groups 511
- Displaying ACL Information 513
- Displaying ACLs 514
- Examples for Compiling ACLs 515
- Numbered ACL Examples 517
- Extended ACL Examples 517
- Named ACL Example 517
- Configuring QoS 519
- Understanding QoS 520
- Basic QoS Model 521
- Classification 522
- Policing and Marking 524
- Mapping Tables 525
- Queueing and Scheduling 525
- Port Priority 526
- Port Scheduling 526
- CoS and WRR 526
- Configuring Trusted Boundary 531
- Enabling Pass-Through Mode 533
- Configuring a QoS Policy 534
- Configuring CoS Maps 542
- Configuring CoS and WRR 545
- Displaying QoS Information 546
- QoS Configuration Examples 547
- Configuring EtherChannels 551
- Understanding EtherChannels 552
- PAgP Modes 554
- Troubleshooting 563
- Transmit 564
- LRE Statistics 565
- Using Recovery Procedures 568
- Using Debug Commands 576
- Using the crashinfo File 577
- Supported MIBs 579
- Files, and Software Images 583
- Copying Files 587
- Deleting Files 587
- Creating a tar File 588
- Extracting a tar File 589
- Working with Software Images 602
- Numerics 617
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